Efficacy of Single-Dose Preoperative Dexamethasone in Managing Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Clinical Study

J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2026 Apr-Jun;18(2):105-107. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_466_25. Epub 2025 Oct 13.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a single preoperative intramuscular injection of dexamethasone in reducing trismus, swelling, and pain following the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research had 60 participants aged 18-30 years, all requiring bilateral extraction of mandibular third molars. A single-blind methodology was employed, assigning the right side as the test site to receive 4 mg of intramuscular dexamethasone, while the left side served as the control, receiving a placebo of sterile water. Assessments for pain, mouth opening, and swelling were conducted before the procedure and again on the 2^nd and 7^th postoperative days, utilizing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), interincisal distance measurements, and specific facial landmarks for swelling evaluation.

RESULTS: The test site exhibited significantly lower pain scores compared to the control site on both the 2^nd and 7^th days. Mouth opening was significantly improved in the dexamethasone group, and facial swelling was significantly reduced by the 7^th day (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions were reported.

CONCLUSION: A single preoperative dose of dexamethasone effectively reduces postoperative trismus, swelling, and pain, enhancing recovery and patient satisfaction. Its use is recommended for third molar surgeries to manage postoperative sequelae.

PMID:42005489 | PMC:PMC13086388 | DOI:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_466_25